Reproductive and child health programme introduction. However, the range of reproductive health is wide and the definition and interpretation of its concept remain varied. This brief synthesizes findings from 118 experimental evaluations of 100 program models. Based on this global political reaffirmation of the icpd agenda, reproductive rights are now considered a human right for all people, including universal access to reproductive health throughout their life cycle. Top reproductive health related articles barrier methods of birth control side effects, advantages, and disadvantages many barrier methods of birth control are available for a man or woman, for example, the sponge, female and male condoms, diaphram, spermicides, male condoms, female condoms, contraceptive sponge, diaphragm, and cervical cap. Reproductive health is not merely the absence of disease or disorders of the reproductive process, but rather it is a condition in which the reproductive process is accomplished in a state of complete physical, mental, and social. Reproductive health seeking behaviors among female. Effect of injectable and oral contraceptives on serum lipids.
Within the framework of the world health organizations who definition of health as a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, reproductive health, or sexual healthhygiene, addresses the reproductive processes, functions and system at all stages of life. Reproductive health is an important area affecting a womans overall health and wellbeing. The importance of sexual and reproductive health february 1014 marks the canadian federation for sexual healths 12th annual sexual and reproductive health week campaign. Reproductive health care is the comprehensive reproductive health programme included as part of primary health care with the appropriate referrals. An action oriented exploratory study by robin emily mowson a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of arts department of anthropology with a concentration in bio cultural medical anthropology college of arts and sciences and. For more information on womens human rights, visit. Based on this global political reaffirmation of the icpd agenda, reproductive rights are now considered a human right for all people, including universal. Reproductive health definition of reproductive health by. Reproductive healthdefinitiona persons reproductive health is the maintenance of the health of his or her reproductive systems, which include respectively the penis and the testes, and the vagina, uterus, and breasts.
Reproductive health hazards are defined as chemical, physical, radiological or biological agents that can cause either reproductive impairment or adverse developmental effects. Chapter 1 overview of reproductive health 2 the 1990s and onwards in the international conference on population and development icpd, hereafter referred to as the cairo conference held in cairo in 1994, the icpd programme of action twentyyear programme11 was adopted. Reproductive health includes sexual health, the purpose of which is the enhancement of life and personal relations. Reproductive health care includes having access to a range of goodquality.
Contraceptive services fourth edition introduction the national medical standard for reproductive health is designed to provide policymakers, district health of. Basic criteria are proposed for an interviewbased tool to measure reproductive health. Reproductive health in emergencies, who translated the vision and early drafts into this comprehensive toolkit. Grades 9 to 12 human body series female reproductive system. National medical standard for reproductive health volume i. Pdf womens reproductive health in sociocultural context. For over 50 years, we have been dedicated to improving the lives of women, children, and families through research, public health monitoring, scientific assistance, and partnerships. Acknowledgements adolescent sexual and reproductive health toolkit for humanitarian settings has been a joint effort by save the children and unfpa, led by brad kerner save the children, cecile mazzacurati unfpa and jennifer kim unfpa.
Reproductive health american sexual health association. Fertility reduction should be addressed at the level of broad. According to the world health organization, reproductive and sexual ill health accounts for 20% of the global burden of ill health for women, and 14% for men. Reproductive health refers to the condition of male and female reproductive systems during all life stages. Some types of birth control include but are not limited to barrier methods, such as condoms, the diaphragm, and the cervical cap, are designed to prevent the sperm from reaching the egg for fertilization intrauterine device, or iud, is a small device that is inserted into the uterus by a health care provider. Reproductive health is the state of physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not just the absence of disease or weakness in all matters relating to the reproductive system.
While our previous indices frame the issues in terms of sexual and reproductive risk, this iteration deliberately shifts its focus to how to. Linking to a nonfederal website does not constitute an endorsement by cdc or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Prior to this, reproductive health programming had emerged from concern about population control and focused on family planning, fertility control and safe motherhood only. The emphasis on sexual health as a separate public. Adolescents are frequently reluctant to seek sexual and reproductive health services srh.
It will not be possible to ensure reproductive health for all without a functioning primary health care system. Reproductive health addresses the reproductive processes, functions, and system at all stages of life. What are sexual and reproductive health and rights. Prevalence of chronic conditions among women of reproductive age. Reproductive health seeking behaviors among female university. Continuing a pai effort begun in 1995, the reproductive health index is the fifth in a series of reports assessing the status of nations sexual and reproductive health and rights srhr. Reproductive health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters related to the reproductive system and to its functions and process. The field of reproductive health encompasses diverse areas that touch on many of the core issues faced by humanity, including the ability to reproduce, the capacity to limit reproduction when it is not desired, and our nature as sexual beings. Womens reproductive health research wrhr the main goal of the womens reproductive health research career development program is to provide highquality training of young physicians dedicated to womens healthrelated research and to develop a strong team of future mentors from our growing group of past wrhr scholars.
Lowt, as it is commonly known, can be diagnosed via a blood test by your doctor. Both of these aspects of reproductive health must be taken seriously and considered holistically to protect your fertility and health. Next, be on the same page with your sexual partners. Reproductive health 2 addresses the human sexuality and reproductive processes, functions and system at all stages of life and implies that people are able to have a responsible, satisfying and safe sex life and that they have the. The reproductive health spectrum also includes pregnancy and infertility.
More focus needs to be placed on providing learning and preparation for the world of work, building healthy lifestyles that reduce noncommunicable diseases and improve sexual health, and protecting adolescents from involvement in. In uganda, adolescent health and development is constrained by translation of the relevant policies to practice. Apr 22, 2015 adolescents are frequently reluctant to seek sexual and reproductive health services srh. It will help students and other readers to understand the current reproductive health understandings.
Ovaries in females and testicles in males are reproductive organs, or gonads, that maintain health of their respective systems. Reproductive health is consortium of universities for global. Adolescent sexual and reproductive health in malawi. Produced in collaboration with the ethiopia public health training initiative, the carter. First, know your own body and advocate for your health. First, it emphasizes that biomedical and behavioral research relating to reproductive health should proceed within.
According to the world health organization, reproductive and sexual illhealth accounts for 20% of the global burden of illhealth for women, and 14% for men. Understanding sexual and reproductive health needs of. Reproductive health part 1 introduction to reproductive. Lecture notes on reproductive health carter center. Sexual and reproductive health world health organization. Recent studies done in central uganda have shown that there is need for a critical assessment of adolescent friendly services afs to gain insights on current practice and inform. Hence, the concept of reproductive health can be understood. The definition of srh agreed in cairo moved beyond this to a more comprehensive.
Reproductive health national institute of environmental. Similar to many other male reproductive issues, low testosterone is often linked to existing health issues, some of which include diabetes, obesity, infection, an additional hormone disorder, testicular cancer, and et cetera. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. The importance of reproductive health adolescents are too often left out of policy planning and service delivery. Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the cdc website the centers for disease control and prevention cdc cannot attest to the accuracy of a nonfederal website. Within the framework of the world health organizations who definition of health as a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, reproductive health, or sexual health hygiene, addresses the reproductive processes, functions and system at all stages of life. These systems are made of organs and hormoneproducing glands, including the pituitary gland in the brain. What works for adolescent sexual and reproductive health. Cdcs division of reproductive health is the focal point for issues related to reproductive health, maternal health, and infant health. Starting with the definition, we have gone through its.
Reproductive health is defined as a state of physical, mental, and social wellbeing in all matters relating to the reproductive system, at all stages of life. Reproductive health focuses on all aspects of human reproduction. The united states continues to have one of the highest teen birth rates in the developed world, 1 and adolescent rates of sexually transmitted infections stis are also high. The examination of reproductive health and barriers to care is pertinent to the social work profession. The importance of reproductive health nph medical services. Basic criteria are proposed for an interviewbased tool to measure reproductive health as opposed to morbidity or mortality adapting methods from the health status measurement. This health promotion event highlights the importance of issues relating to sexual and reproductive health services. Reproductive health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters. These activities will help students understand the anatomy and function of the female reproductive organs. World health organization definition should remind us about reproductive tract related morbidity and mortality, often occurring beyond the reproductive years, such. However, men also demand specific reproductive health needs and have particular responsibilities in terms of womens reproductive health because of their decisionmaking powers in some reproductive health matters. Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity, in all matters relating to. Information and translations of reproductive health in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.
An internationally agreed conceptual definition of reproductive health is applied to the development and testing of practical indicators for use in the community. Elements of family planning counselling and reproductive. Reproductive health and infant mortality rates, increased number of couples with small families, better detection and cure of stds and overall increased medical facilities for all sexrelated problems, etc. Within the framework of whos definition of health as a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, reproductive health addresses the reproductive processes, functions and system at all stages of life. The special issue on womens reproductive health in cultural context covers multiple dimensions of womens reproductive health and how it might be. Ph dartmouth medical school december 2007 prepared as part of an education project of the global health education consortium and collaborating partners. The cairo definition of reproductive health is long and includes sexual health panel 2. Taking a lifecourse approach to sexual and reproductive health introduction sexual and reproductive health srh is important at every age and in every community, both as an independent aspect of health and as an underpinning dimension of identity and personal wellbeing. Prenatal care, safe delivery, essential obstetric care eoc, perinatal and neonatal care, postnatal care and breastfeeding. It is undignified to inject yourself with hormones designed to slow or enhance ovarian production. Reproductive health policies 2017 the united nations.
Grades 9 to 12 human body series female reproductive. The working group based its concept of reproductive health on the world health organization who definition. The components of reproductive health care, including the relevant components of the icpd programme of action as endorsed by who and other agencies of the united nations are. Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes. Recent studies done in central uganda have shown that there is need for a critical assessment of adolescent friendly services afs to gain insights on current practice and inform future. Reproductive health is a universal concern, but is of special importance for women particularly during the reproductive years. The index and its accompanying report provide a measure of where women in 62 low and lowermiddleincome countries stand in attaining sexual and reproductive health and rights. Reproductive and child health programme introduction the international conference of population and development icpd 1994 was established an international consensus on a new approach to policies to achieve population stabilization. Reproductive health for the 21st century nichd nih. They also function as glands because they produce and. Reproductive health seeking behaviors among female university students. Each partys roles and responsibilities are independent of the others. Gale encyclopedia of nursing and allied health dictionary.
Definition of reproductive health in the dictionary. Reproduction health is a concept raised by international community, which is defined as follows. A sexually mature girls reproductive system is amazingly complex and can be the source of many questions and much misinformation. The authors also acknowledge the efforts of a technical advisory group with over 20 members, including ribka amsalu save the children, john santelli columbia university, meriwether beatty john snow, inc. The journal includes sections dedicated to adolescent health, female fertility and midwifery and all content is open access.
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